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So I come from Bosnia.
我来自波斯尼亚，
I mean, I live in Sweden now, but you don't need to know my whole life story.
现在住在瑞典。你不用了解我的人生经历。
But the story that I do want to share is from my home country.
我今天想分享有关我国家的故事。
So close to 50 percent of the land in Bosnia is dedicated to agriculture and farming.
波斯尼亚近有近50%的土地用来发展农业和牧业。
So the government decides to support farmers, to set up a budget, to set up the requirements for the people to receive the budget, and then to disburse the funds.
所以，政府为了资助农场主设立了预算，并对接受援助的人设立了领取条件，然后对其拨款。
So they do that, and towards the end of the process, they decide to analyze who really received these funds.
政府工作人员按照这样的步骤开展工作，拨款进程接近尾声时，他们打算分析拿到政府拨款的人群。
And they did that, and the Ministry of Agriculture was shocked, because only one group of citizens received 90 percent of these funds.
随后，他们开始研究，结果让农业部的工作人员感到意外，因为仅有一群人拿到了该预算90%的资金。
And those were men, men working in agriculture.
这些人都是从事农业耕种的男性。
So where were the women? Why didn't they have access to the funds?
为什么这其中没有女性？她们为什么没有拿到拨款？
The Minister of Agriculture was surprised, because they didn't mean to discriminate.
农业部的工作人员非常吃惊，因为他们并没有区别对待。
They knew there were women working in agriculture, right?
他们知道有女性从事农业耕种，对吧？
So they went back and analyzed the situation.
所以，他们回顾并且分析该情况。
And the problem was -- well, there were three things.
问题出在——以下三个方面。
The first thing is they didn't even know the gender of farmers, because they'd never done gender analysis before.
第一，工作人员不清楚农民的性别，因为他们之前从未做过性别分析。
So actually, they did know the sex disaggregation of cows, but not of people.
他们的确知道奶牛的性别，但是，却不知道人的。
I will let that sink a bit -- because gender is unimportant.
我先不谈这个--因为性别因素不是很重要。
The second issue is that the way they were distributing the funds could not possibly reach women.
第二个问题在于工作人员拨款方式不可能惠及女性。
Why? Because one of the conditions to get this subsidy was to give out a land ownership certificate, and we know that traditionally, women do not own land.
为什么呢？因为获得拨款的条件之一就是提供土地所有权证书。我们都知道，通常来说，女性没有自己的土地。
And the second problem was that women didn't even know. Why?
第二个问题是女性甚至都不知道这个预算。为什么呢？
Because the information was shared at forums that they do not participate in.
因为这些信息在她们从未参与的论坛里发布。
But the story has a happy end, because when the ministry realized this, they changed these provisions.
但是，这件事有个皆大欢喜的结局，因为农业部意识到了上述问题，工作人员更改了申请条件。
And with the help of gender experts from Bosnia, we now see more and more women getting funds every year.
借助波斯尼亚研究性别问题方面专家的帮助，我们看到每年有越来越多的女性得到了拨款。
So what is the point of this story?
所以，这个故事的意义何在？
The point is not only that we should have sex-disaggregated data on people, not only cows.
意义在于我们不仅需要建立人类性别分类的数据，而不仅仅是奶牛的。
But it's also that we can budget fair and equitably, but we can't just run numbers blindly.
也需要公平公正地制定预算，我们不能只盲目地统计数量。
We need to know the faces of the people that we are serving with public funds.
我们需要了解这些领取政府资金的人。
So this is really the heart of gender-responsive budgeting, or as I like to think of it, and maybe you, too, common-sense budgeting.
这是性别预算的核心，我是这样想的，或许你们也有同样的想法，常识性预算。
So, I'm an economist, I work with public finance, so public finance and budgets, but my specialty is helping governments inject a gender perspective in their financial decisions and budgets.
我是一名经济学家，与政府财政打交道，公共财政和预算，但是，我擅长帮助政府在财政决策和预算方面加入性别方面的考虑。
OK, so budgets are fairly simple, straightforward, as it was introduced, and now, you are thinking, "Well, that does not look fairly straightforward."
预算正如它所介绍的那样，非常的简单、易懂，但是，现在你会想，“好吧，这看起来并没有很简单。”
