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现代大学英语精读(第2版)第三册:U4B Grant and Lee: A Study in Contrasts Bruce Catton(2)

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Lee was tidewater Virginia, and in his background were family, culture, and tradition... the age of chivalry transplanted to a New World which was making its own legends and its own myths. He embodied a way of life that had come down through the age of knighthood and the English country squire. America was a land that was beginning all over again, dedicated to nothing much more complicated than the rather hazy belief that all men had equal rights, and should have an equal chance in the world. In such a land Lee stood for the feeling that it was somehow of advantage to human society to have a pronounced inequality in the social structure. There should be a leisure class, backed by ownership of land; in turn, society itself should be keyed to the land as the chief source of wealth and influence. It would bring forth (according to this ideal) a class of men with a strong sense of obligation to the community; men who lived not to gain advantage for themselves, but to meet the solemn obligations which had been laid on them by the very fact that they were privileged. From them the country would get its leadership; to them it could look for the higher values—of thought, of conduct, of personal deportment—to give it strength and virtue.

李生于弗吉尼亚的沿海低洼地区,家庭、文化和传统等联系起来构成了他的背景。他所处的时代正是由骑士时代向崇尚创造个人传奇和个人神话的新世界转变的时代。他所体现的生活方式由骑士时代和英国乡绅时代传承而来。美国这片土地上,一切都将重新开始,人们崇尚的也不是什么复杂的信仰,不过是“人人生而平等、机会均等”这个模糊的主张。在这片大陆上,李所代表的观点认为:社会结构上有一种明显的不平等,在某种程度上对人类社会是有益的。应该有一个依靠土地所有权支撑的安逸的阶层。反过来,社会自身也会以土地作为财富和影响力的主要来源。(根据这一理想)这将促生一个对社会有强烈责任感的阶级,这个阶级中的人活着不再是为自己谋利益,而是要履行因为他们本身享有特权而肩负的那份庄严的义务。国家领导人将会从他们当中产生。国家将能从他们身上看到崇高的思想价值、行为价值和个人价值,来获取力量和品德。

重点单词   查看全部解释    
dedicated ['dedi.keitid]

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adj. 专注的,献身的,专用的

 
source [sɔ:s]

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n. 发源地,来源,原始资料

 
virtue ['və:tju:]

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n. 美德,德行,优点,贞操

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complicated ['kɔmplikeitid]

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adj. 复杂的,难懂的
动词complica

 
advantage [əd'vɑ:ntidʒ]

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n. 优势,有利条件
vt. 有利于

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community [kə'mju:niti]

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n. 社区,社会,团体,共同体,公众,[生]群落

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conduct [kən'dʌkt]

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n. 行为,举动,品行
v. 引导,指挥,管理

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obligation [.ɔbli'geiʃən]

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n. 义务,责任

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inequality [.ini'kwɔliti]

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n. 不平等,不平均,差异,多变性,不等式

 
solemn ['sɔləm]

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adj. 庄严的,严肃的,隆重的

 

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