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2. Creative people tend to be smart yet naive at the same time. Another way of expressing this dialectic is the contrasting poles of wisdom and childishness. As Howard Gardner reveals in his study of the major creative geniuses of the 20th century, a certain immaturity, both emotional and mental, can go hand in hand with deepest insights.
富有创意的人往往既精明又天真。换句话说，这个矛盾体就是智慧和幼稚这两个极端。霍华德·加德纳对二十世纪的重要创意天才进行了研究，结果表明，最深邃的洞察力可能与某种程度的不成熟（包括情感和思维方面的)共生共存。
Earlier studies on superior mental abilities show that children with very high IQs do well in life, but after a certain point, IQ does not seem to be correlated any longer with superior performance in real life. Later studies suggest that it might be difficult to do creative work with a lower IQ, but an IQ beyond 120 does not necessarily imply higher creativity.
以前对于卓越的思维能力的研究也表明，高智商儿童生活很成功，但过了一定的数值，智商似乎不再与卓越的现实生活表现成正比。后来的研究也说明，智商太低的人要做富有创意的工作可能比较困难，但拥有120以上的智商未必就更有创造力。
Furthermore, creative people seem able to use well two opposite ways of thinking: the convergent and the divergent. Convergent thinking is measured by IQ tests, and it involves solving well-defined, rational problems that have one correct answer. Divergent thinking leads to no agreed-upon solution. It involves the ability to generate a great quantity of ideas; flexibility, or the ability to switch from one perspective to another; and originality in picking unusual associations of ideas. Yet divergent thinking is not much use without the ability to tell a good idea from a bad one, and for this, we must rely on convergent thinking.
此外，富有创意的人似乎能很好地使用两种互为对立的思维方式：趋同和求异。趋同思维由智商测试来衡量，涉及的是解决定义清楚、有唯一正确答案的理性问题。求异思维能产生另类的解决之道，它涉及的是产生大量想法的能力；灵活性，或者说是从一个角度转换到另一个角度的能力；以及能独辟蹊径地产生非凡联想的能力。但求异思维本身是没有多大用处的，除非有能力判断一个想法是好是坏，要做到这一点，我们必须依赖于趋同思维。
