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For Sulica, one of Conservation Carpathia's 149 employees and a native of the region, the dream of a national park is at stake.
苏利卡是喀尔巴阡保护基金会的149名员工之一，也是当地人，他认为设立国家公园的梦想前途未卜。
Over two months in the summer of 2023, there were dozens of human-bear conflicts.
2023年夏天的两个月里，就发生数十起人熊冲突事件。
A serial marauder known as Imobiliaru for breaking into houses and stealing food from fridges was recently euthanized.
有一只连续打家劫舍、偷走冰箱食物而被取名叫伊姆比利阿鲁的棕熊，最近才被安乐死。
"We'll be judged by how we manage this problem," says Sulica.
“居民会凭我们处理问题的方式来评断我们。”苏利卡说。
Bear incidents in the Fagaras region have fallen in some recent years, to 95 in 2023, but Sulica knows 95 is still too many.
最近几年，弗格拉什山区的熊事件已减少到2023年的95件，但苏利卡知道95件仍然太多。
In July, after a hiker was fatally mauled, the country's annual kill quota was raised to 481 bears from 220.
7月间有登山客遭到致命袭击后，罗马尼亚的棕熊年度捕杀限额就从220只增加到481只了。
"These attacks risk demonizing all bears," Sulica says. "But as a species, they play an important role in the ecosystem. We need them."
苏利卡说：“这些攻击事件可能会把所有的棕熊妖魔化，但从物种的角度来看，它们在生态系中扮演了重要的角色。我们需要它们。”
Brown bears are impressive seed dispersers. They can eat a third of their body weight in berries a day and excrete them nearly a mile away, ready to germinate in a nutrient-rich pile of dung.
棕熊是厉害的种子传播者，一天能吃掉相当于自身体重三分之一的浆果，并且到将近1公里远的地方排泄，让它们在富含养分的粪便中准备萌芽。
They also compete for carrion with red foxes, badgers, and wild boars, allowing the prey of these smaller predators to rebound.
棕熊还会和红狐、獾和野猪竞食腐肉，让这些小型捕食者的猎物数量得以回升。
The need to mitigate human-animal conflicts is a scenario that is set to play out increasingly across Europe, where, by 2030, an estimated 40 million acres of mostly remote and marginal land will be abandoned as agriculture wanes and urban areas continue to grow.
整个欧洲到2030年，由于农业衰退和城市地区持续成长，预计将有4000万英亩的偏远和边际土地不再使用，缓解人类和动物间冲突的需求会日益显现。
Wolves, bears, and lynx, once persecuted to the verge of extinction but vigorously protected today by law, are rebounding in the EU, which now has 20,300 gray wolves -- about two and a half times as many as in the much larger contiguous United States. Germany alone has close to 160 packs.
灰狼、棕熊和山猫曾被猎杀到快要灭绝，但受到现今法律的强力保护，在欧盟国家的数量都正在回升--目前欧盟国家有2.03万只灰狼，大约是美国本土（幅员远比欧洲广大）灰狼数量的两倍半，光是在德国就有将近185个狼群。
This historic opportunity for nature coincides with a landmark law passed in June to restore at least 20 percent of EU land and sea by decade's end.
这个对大自然来说具有历史意义的机会和6月通过的一项重大法规同时出现，此项法规的宗旨是在2030年以前复育欧盟至少20%的土地和海洋。
Nonprofits such as Rewilding Europe, based in the Netherlands, and the Endangered Landscapes & Seascapes Programme, in the United Kingdom, envision the return of other animals that have not been seen for centuries, including elk, water buffalo, bison, beavers, and other large herbivores.
非营利组织，如荷兰的野化欧洲和英国的濒危地景与海景计划，都期望再引进已有数百年没见到的其他动物，包括麋鹿、水牛、野牛、河狸和其他大型草食动物。
As wildlife rebounds, there's potential for tourism to boost declining rural economies. Even a single charismatic species can have enormous pull.
随着野生动物数量回升，旅游业有可能提振衰退中的农村经济。即使仅只一种充满魅力的动物，也能有很大的吸引力。
Visitors who travel to Scotland's Isle of Mull to see white-tailed eagles generate the equivalent of at least six million dollars a year for the island.
到苏格兰默尔岛观赏白尾鹰的游客，为当地带来至少600万美元的年收入。
Nature restoration on this scale can also provide services such as holding back flooding and soil erosion, restoring water tables, supplying pollinating insects for farming, and -- crucially -- storing carbon for climate resilience.
这种规模的自然复育还可抑制水患和土壤侵蚀、恢复地下水位，替农业提供授粉昆虫，最重要的是封存碳以提升气候韧性。
With two billion dollars spent on the voluntary carbon market in 2022, it's emerging as a major driver for rewilding.
2022年，自愿性碳交易市场的支出超过20亿美元，它正成为驱动野化的主要因素。
In 2000 my husband, Charlie Burrell, and I put theories to the test in our own rewilding project on 3,500 acres of unprofitable farmland at Knepp Estate in West Sussex, England.
2000年，我和先生查理·伯勒尔为了检验理论，在英国西索塞克斯聂普庄园内3500英亩不再赚钱的农地上，进行了自己的野化计划。
Allowing thorny scrub to colonize our fields and then introducing red and fallow deer, old English longhorn cattle to stand in for their ancestor, the extinct aurochs, Exmoor ponies for the tarpan, and Tamworth pigs for wild boar, we have stood back and watched as biodiversity has soared.
让带刺的灌木丛在我们的田地里繁衍生息，然后引进红鹿和黄鹿，引进古老的英国长角牛来代替它们的祖先（代替已经灭绝的原牛祖先），引进埃克斯穆尔小马来代替野马，引进泰姆华斯猪来代替野猪，我们什么也不做，就看着生物多样性飙升。
In just 20 years, our depleted land has become a haven for some of the U.K.'s rarest species, including nightingales, turtle doves, and purple emperor butterflies, and draws thousands of tourists annually.
才过了20年，我们那片不毛之地就变成一些英国最稀有物种的天堂，包括夜莺、斑鸠和紫色帝王蝶，每年吸引很多游客到访。
I told our story in the book Wilding, now a documentary film, and Charlie, having helped establish the nonprofit Rewilding Britain, joined the board of Rewilding Europe.
我在《野之生》这本书里讲述了我们的故事，现在也拍成纪录片，而曾经协助成立非营利组织野化不列颠的查理，加入了野化欧洲的董事会。
In 2018 the U.K. government showcased Knepp as a restoration model, and other landowners are following our example.
2018年，英国政府以克内普庄园为复育典范，其他的地主也开始跟随我们的脚步。
They are often drawn by the economics: Our estate makes a healthy income from ecotourism, a shop, a restaurant, and meat from our free-roaming animals, and employs 80 people, compared with 23 when it was a farm.
吸引他们的通常是经济效益：我们的庄园通过生态旅游、商店、餐厅，以及从自由活动的动物身上获取的肉类获得可观的收入，还雇用了80名员工--当初它是农地时只有23名。
What's more, Knepp is now a significant carbon sink. Research shows our rewilded soils alone store carbon at least as fast as models predict 25-year-old broadleaf woodlands do.
除此之外，现在的克内普庄园是重要的碳汇。有研究指出，我们野化后的土壤封存碳的速度，至少和模型预测的25年阔叶林地一样快。
Among the visitors to Knepp are others embarking on large-scale rewilding projects across Europe -- including, a few years ago, Christoph Promberger and Barbara Promberger-Fuerpass.
参访克内普庄园的游客当中不乏在欧洲各地推动大规模野化计划的人士，包括几年前来访的克里斯多夫·普荣伯格和芭芭拉·普荣伯格-富尔帕斯。
