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The world this week--Business
本周国际要闻--商业
Donald Trump carried out his threat to impose tariffs of 25% on most goods imported to the United States from Canada and Mexico (he gave the car industry a one-month reprieve).
唐纳德·特朗普兑现了他的威胁，将对从加拿大和墨西哥进口到美国的大多数商品征收25%的关税(他给了汽车业一个月的缓期)。
He also increased the tariffs America imposes on Chinese exports from 10% to 20%, which are in addition to US trade duties that China is already subjected to.
他还将对从中国出口到美国的商品征收的关税从10%提高到20%，在中国已经被美国征收关税的基础上他还要这么做。
The American president warned that he would soon also introduce “reciprocal tariffs” on any country with “unfair” trade imbalances.
这位美国总统警告说，他很快也会对任何存在“不公平”贸易不平衡的国家征收“互惠关税”。
Canada’s prime minister, Justin Trudeau, said the tariffs were “a dumb thing” and imposed retaliatory levies on a range of American products, including peanut butter.
加拿大总理贾斯汀·特鲁多表示，这些关税是“愚蠢的东西”，并对包括花生酱在内的一系列美国产品征收报复性关税。
China also applied counter-measures and Mexico said it would react soon.
中国也采取了反制措施，墨西哥表示将很快做出反应。
Mr Trump says his tariffs policy will bring only “a little disturbance” to the American economy.
特朗普表示，他的关税政策只会给美国经济带来“一点风波”。
Markets think otherwise.
市场却不这么认为。
The S&P 500 and NASDAQ Composite fell sharply and are back to where they were when Mr Trump was elected, wiping out their gains since November.
标准普尔指数和纳斯达克综合指数大幅下跌，目前已回跌到特朗普当选时的水平，抵销了自去年11月以来的涨幅。
The Stoxx Europe 600 and German DAX also fell heavily.
斯托克欧洲600指数和德国DAX指数也大幅下跌。
Various companies, including Target, warned that the tariffs would lead to higher costs and hurt profits.
包括塔吉特在内的多家公司警告称，关税将导致成本上升，损害利润。
Meanwhile, some economists weighed the risk of recession from the trade war.
与此同时，一些经济学家权衡了贸易战带来的经济衰退风险。
The European Central Bank cut interest rates again, reducing its deposit facility by a quarter of a percentage point, to 2.5%.
欧洲央行再次降息，将存款利率下调0.25个百分点，至2.5%。
The bank said the “disinflation process is well on track.”
该银行表示，“通缩进程正在顺利进行。”
But with the euro area’s economy already flatlining before America’s new tariffs came into effect, markets think it was the last rate cut for a while.
但在美国新关税生效之前，欧元区经济已经停滞不前，市场认为这是一段时间内的最后一次降息。
Mr Trump suggested that TSMC, based in Taiwan and a global powerhouse in chipmaking, would avoid tariffs, after it decided to invest an extra $100bn in America and open three new factories in addition to the one that is set to start full production this year.
特朗普暗示，总部位于台湾的全球芯片制造巨头台积电可以免掉关税，此前该公司决定在美国额外投资1000亿美元，并在将于今年全面投产的工厂之外再开设三家新工厂。
TSMC describes it as the single largest foreign direct-investment ever in America.
台积电称这是有史以来在美国最大的一笔外国直接投资。
Mr Trump used the announcement to call for ditching Joe Biden’s CHIPS Act, arguing that the subsidies it provides are a “horrible, horrible thing”.
特朗普利用这一声明呼吁废除乔·拜登的《芯片法案》，辩称该法案提供的补贴是“非常非常可怕的事情”。
Anthropic, the startup behind the Claude generative artificial-intelligence models, raised $3.5bn in its latest round of fund-raising, tripling its valuation to $61.5bn.
克劳德生成性人工智能模型背后的初创公司Anthropic在最新一轮融资中筹集了35亿美元，使其估值增加了两倍，至615亿美元。
Anthropic is backed by Amazon and Google as well as venture capitalists.
Anthropic得到了亚马逊和谷歌以及风险资本家的支持。
It recently released Claude 3.7 Sonnet, which it describes as the “first hybrid reasoning model on the market”, allowing users to choose when it should answer normally and when it should “think” longer before answering.
它最近发布了克劳德3.7 Sonnet，它将其描述为“市场上第一个混合推理模型”，让用户可以选择何时应该正常回答，什么时候应该在回答之前更长时间地“思考”。
A federal judge rejected Elon Musk’s request for a preliminary injunction to stop OpenAI’s attempt to change its status from non-profit to for-profit, but said she would fast-track his case this year.
一名联邦法官拒绝了埃隆·马斯克的初步禁令请求，以阻止OpenAI试图将其从非营利性组织改为营利性组织，但表示她今年将快速审理他的案件。
Mr Musk was one of the startup’s founders but has been feuding with it for years over what he claims is a shift away from its original intention to work for the good of humanity.
马斯克是这家初创公司的创始人之一，但他多年来一直与该公司争执不下，因为他声称该公司偏离了为人类谋福利的初衷。
Apple reportedly started a legal challenge in Britain to the government’s order to create a back-door for British intelligence to its encrypted cloud services.
据报道，苹果公司在英国发起了对政府命令的法律挑战，该命令为英国情报机构创建了一个后门，以访问其加密的云服务。
The company recently withdrew its Advanced Data Protection tool for the iCloud from the British market rather than accede to that order.
该公司最近从英国市场召回了适用于iCloud的高级数据保护工具，而不是同意这一命令。
Donald Trump has likened the British request to access private data of Apple users to the practices of the Chinese state.
唐纳德·特朗普将英国要求访问苹果用户私人数据的做法与中国政府的做法相提并论。
Microsoft is shutting down Skype, the video-calling service that it bought in 2011.
微软将关闭2011年收购的视频通话服务Skype。
Skype came to market in 2003 and was a pioneer in enabling video chats across the globe, but it has since been eclipsed by smartphones, Google Meet, Zoom and the like.
Skype于2003年进入市场，是在全球范围内实现视频聊天的先驱，但自那以来，它已被智能手机、Google Meet、Zoom等公司比下去了。
Oil prices tumbled to three-year lows, as markets speculated that Mr Trump’s trade war would hurt the global economy.
市场猜测特朗普的贸易战将损害全球经济，油价暴跌至三年低点。
Another factor was the unexpected decision by OPEC+ to proceed with a plan to raise output in April.
另一个因素是OPEC+出人意料地决定在4月份继续实施增产计划。
The cartel had hitherto placed curbs on production to boost prices.
到目前为止，OPEC+一直在限制产量，以提振价格。
Its announcement may be designed to pre-empt another clash with Donald Trump, who wants to see a big drop in the commodity’s price.
它的声明可能是为了防止与唐纳德·特朗普的另一场冲突，特朗普希望看到这种大宗商品的价格大幅下跌。
