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The world this week--Business
本周国际要闻--商业
Spirit Airlines filed for bankruptcy protection, the first big carrier in America to go bust since American Airlines in 2011.
精神航空公司（Spirit Airlines）申请破产保护，这是自2011年美国航空公司破产以来，美国第一家破产的大型航空公司。
Spirit, a low-cost airline, has not made an annual profit since 2019 and, like other discount rivals, has seen ticket prices plunge amid a surplus of seats.
低成本的航空公司精神航空自2019年以来一直没有实现年度盈利，与其他打折的竞争对手一样，在座位过剩的情况下，机票价格暴跌。
In January a judge blocked its takeover by JetBlue Airways on competition grounds.
今年1月，一名法官以竞争为由阻止了捷蓝航空对精神航空的收购。
A mooted merger with Frontier Airlines also came to naught.
与边疆航空（Frontier Airlines）的拟议合并也无果而终。
Spirit regularly features at the top of lists of America’s most hated airline, a crowded field.
精神航空经常出现在美国最令人讨厌的航空公司名单之首，这个领域有很多公司臭名昭著。
America’s Department of Justice asked a judge to force Google to sell its Chrome browser.
美国司法部要求法官强制微软出售其谷歌浏览器。
The judge is considering what Google must do to comply with his landmark antitrust ruling, which found that it had used improper means to maintain a monopoly in online search.
法官正在考虑谷歌必须做些什么来遵守具有里程碑意义的反垄断裁决，该裁决发现谷歌使用了不正当手段来维持在线搜索的垄断地位。
Google said the government was pursuing a “radical agenda that goes far beyond the legal issues”.
谷歌表示，政府正在推行一项“远远超出法律问题的激进议程”。
By next August, well into the Trump administration, the judge will issue a decision on Google’s remedies, which it may then challenge.
到明年8月，也就是特朗普政府上台很久之后，法官将对谷歌的补救措施做出裁决，然后谷歌又可能会对裁决提出质疑。
Nvidia produced another solid set of earnings.
英伟达又取得了一系列稳定的收益。
The chip company’s revenue rose by 94% in its latest quarter, year on year, to $35.1bn.
这家芯片公司最近一个季度的收入同比增长94%，达到351亿美元。
Net profit soared by 109%, to $19.3bn.
净利润飙升109%，达到193亿美元。
Amid strong demand for its next-generation chips for artificial intelligence, Nvidia forecast that revenue for this quarter would come in at $37.5bn, ahead of Wall Street expectations.
由于市场对其下一代人工智能芯片的需求强劲，英伟达预计本季度营收将达到375亿美元，超出华尔街的预期。
The Biden administration finalised an agreement that provides TSMC, which manufactures about three-quarters of the world’s most cutting-edge computer chips for Nvidia and others, with $6.6bn in grants to build factories in America.
拜登政府敲定了一项协议，为台积电提供66亿美元的拨款，用于在美国建厂。台积电为英伟达和其他公司生产了全球约四分之三的最尖端的计算机芯片。
With an additional $5bn in loans, it is the first big deal to be completed under the Chips Act of 2022.
加上另外50亿美元的贷款，这是根据2022年《芯片法案》完成的第一笔大交易。
In October Donald Trump said that the “chip deal is so bad” because it benefits only “rich companies”.
去年10月，唐纳德·特朗普表示，“芯片交易太糟糕了”，因为它只会让“有钱的公司”受益。
Xiaomi, a Chinese company best known for its smartphones, provided an update on its nascent business in electric vehicles.
以智能手机闻名的中国公司小米提供了其新兴电动汽车业务的最新情况。
It delivered more than 67,000 of its SU7s in the first nine months of the year, and expects to have delivered 130,000 by the end of December.
今年前9个月，该公司交付了逾6.7万辆SU7，预计到12月底将交付13万辆。
Revenue from the ev unit grew by 52% in the third quarter over the second quarter.
第三季度电动汽车部门的收入较第二季度增长了52%。
Volkswagen replaced the head of its business in North America.
大众汽车更换了北美业务负责人。
The German carmaker wants to expand in America to offset declining sales in China, but its ambitions on that front will become more complicated if Mr Trump imposes stiff tariffs on foreign-made vehicles.
这家德国汽车制造商希望在美国扩张，以抵消在中国销量的下滑，但如果特朗普对外国制造的汽车征收高额关税，那它在这方面的雄心将变得更为复杂。
In another indication of the troubled state of European carmaking Ford announced that it was cutting 800 jobs in Britain and 2,900 in Germany, which is already contending with huge lay-offs at VW.
欧洲汽车制造业陷入困境的另一个迹象是，福特宣布将在英国裁员800人，在德国裁员2900人，德国本就疲于应对大众的大规模裁员。
Thyssenkrupp, a German engineering conglomerate, wrote down the value of its steelmaking business by a further 1bn euros ($1.1bn) and reported a 12-month 1.4bn euro net loss.
德国工程集团蒂森克虏伯将其钢铁业务的价值进一步减记10亿欧元（11亿美元），并报告12个月净亏损14亿欧元。
Daniel Kretinsky, a Czech billionaire with interests in Britain, including an investment in West Ham football club, owns a 20% stake in the steel business and is considering raising it to 50%.
捷克亿万富翁丹尼尔·克雷钦斯基在英国有利益关系，包括对西汉姆足球俱乐部的投资，他持有这家钢铁企业20%的股份，并正在考虑将其提高到50%。
