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Without going to a long consideration of this
我不想就这个问题做过多的讲解
one of the things to highlight is that if you rest
但我想强调的是 如果你只是休息
even if you can meditate, deep relaxation
哪怕你在做冥想 深度休息
and clear your mind but you remain vigilant to cues in the environment you are not asleep
大脑什么都没有想 但你仍然对环境保持着警惕性 你并没有睡着
That alone...if you are allowed 10 hours in bed to rest
如果让你在床上休息10个小时
but every time if you fall asleep
但每当你睡着时
somebody blasts a noise
有人就会制造很大的噪音
you will not feel very restored
你最后仍然没有精力充沛的感觉
In fact it's part of a larger paradox about sleep
事实上 这是关于睡眠的一个很大的悖论
that the sleep is an active process
因为睡眠其实是一个大脑的活动过程
with many brain regions showing increased activity
大脑很多部位的活动程度都很高
that the patterning, timing of sleep and circadian pattern
睡眠的模式 时间 作息时间
is essential to the restorative process
对于恢复精力至关重要
But this last point is behaviorally
但最后一点属于行为范畴
it requires to be a asleep rather than resting
和休息不同
is losing awareness and responsiveness to the environment
睡眠会使人丧失意识和对环境的反应能力
It is relative disconnection between neurobehavioral systems in sleep
睡着时 神经行为系统和外界失去了联系
in different patterns of connection and different stages of sleep
而睡眠的不同阶段以及不同阶段的相互联系
that is required to get this restorative state
对于恢复精力起到了至关重要的作用
So the question is why does the brain need to lose vigilance
所以问题在于为什么大脑需要丧失警觉性
lose interconnective patterns of functioning
为什么需要长时间的
for long periods of time
和外界失去联系
I think it's part of the compelling story
我认为这个问题的部分原因在于
about sleep and brain development
睡眠和大脑发育的关系
But there's an evolutionary
但要回答这个问题
and part of this that's worth considering for a moment
应该从进化的角度来思考
Again, cross species because sleep is loss of vigilance
无论什么物种 睡着的时候都会失去警觉性
Sleep is restricted to safe times and places
睡眠应该在安全的时间和地点进行
Every species saw this in different ways
但每个物种对此有不同的理解
But whether that's physical niches
无论是在物理栖息地
temporal niches, or behavioral patterns
临时栖息地 还是通过行为来保证安全
where birds, on one side fall asleep
例如有的鸟类睡着时
with one eye open and the other eye closed
一只眼睁开 一只眼闭着
on the other side only the bird in the middle can close both eyes and get REM sleep
而另一些鸟类 只有站在中间的那只鸟可以闭上双眼 获得快速眼动期睡眠
But it's part of this concept that I want to highlight when we think about sleep and stress
但我想强调的概念是 睡眠和压力的关系
That is sleep and vigilance as opponent processes
睡眠和警觉性是两个相反的过程
